Method and means for securing heavy bodies during shipment



May 2 3, 1939.

4v. J. GIBBoNs METHODA AND MEANS FOR SECURING HEAVY BODIES DURING' SHIPMENT 'Filed April 21. 1553"'1 paper or other equivalent `cylindrical*-objects,4

' 'bodies due to improper fastening of the same in Patented May 23, 1939 METHOD AND MEANS FOB SECUBING HEAVY BODIES DURING SHIPMENT vincent J. Gibbon., columbus, ohio Application api-u 21, 1937. serial No. 138,221

10Cl8ims. (Cl. v2811-1319) This" invention relates to an improved method and means forl securing heavyv bodies against movement during shipment thereof, and has particular 'reference to the'prevention of motion of iron and steel sheets and'coils of steel, iron and during transit on or in trucks, trailers or 'railway cars.

In the shipping of coils of iron, steel, paper cylinders and alsosheet steel, considerable damage results from uncontrolled movement of such connection with the door or platform of the transporting vehicle. When a vehicle loaded with such heavy bodies starts orstops suddenly, the inertia of a ycoil or pile of sheets composing such a body is tremendous and prior attempts to keep the body .stationary while in transit have not heretofore been successful. v

. The principal reason for the continued failure to keep said heavy bodies from moving in transit is considered'to be largely attributable to the present manner in which it is attempted to block, brace or shore the bodies on the iloor`ofa car. MainlyJzhis blocking or shoring is applied to the lowerv portions of said bodies. Since most of the inertia forces of a coil or pile of sheets are manifested in the top thereof, any attempt, therefore, to block, brace or shore said bodies underneath or against the bottom of the same is largely ineifective in obtaining theilrm 'securing of said bodies to a car deck'for platform. Such bottom bracing or blocking is now a common practice, -so far as I am aware, in the shipment of bodiesof the type to provide an improved 'method and means for securing such bodies againstund'ue movement forces are the greatest, namely, around the upper during shipment by the employment of an improved fastening means so designed as to resist the fmass inertia of said bodies where the inertia regions'thereof. l .Y

`Another object of the invention isto lash. the bodies ydown by passing a 'cable or cables over the sidesl and'top thereof and i'ordrawing and maintaining said cables in a tat condition when operativelyv applied to said bodies. A further vobject resides in a'fastening of the character aforesaid wherein 'provision is made for permitting `limited yielding movement vof vthe lashed bodies in response to inertia forces set up by the starting and stopping of the vehicle on which the bodies are carriedo. but `wherein' such' yielding movement yis limited and provides means for absorbing shockbut withoutany loosening or uncontrolled movement of the bodies held down by the lashing cables.

For a further understanding of the invention.

reference is to be had to the following description and the accompanying drawing. wherein:

Fig. 1v is a. horizontal sectional view taken through a cargo carrying vehicle equipped with the improved. lashing mechanism comprising the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view on the plane v'disclosed by the une n n of Fig. 1; v

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail vertical sectional view of a slightly modified form of the invention;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the tightening windlass or spool for the lashing cables;

Fig-5 is a detail sectional view showing the construction and mounting of one oi' guides:

Fig. s is a detail side elevation disclosing the lashing mechanism as applied to the stack or pile of metal sheets undergoing transit; v Referring more particularly to the. drawing. the

numeral I designates thefdeck, floor-or platform of acargo transporting vehicle, such as a railway car, the bed`or floor of a motor truck or trailer, or other transporting vehicle. The kpresent inven` tion is particularly concerned with the provision of an improved system for holding against undue movement 4during transit on such vehicles, heavy bodies of which coils of sheet iron or steel are outstanding examples, such coils having been indicated by the' numeral! in the accompanying drawing.i The ftendency of 'such cylindrical bodies to-roll or shift from selected positions during shipment is quite obvious and, as stated, large -I damage claims are attributable to this Therefore, to prevent such movement'. I provide a. lashing mechanism which, as shown in Figs.' l.

and 2 particularly, comprises one or more wire rope. cables,.as indicated a't 3. tai-n of their ends securedasjat l to heavy coil These cables have cersprings 5 which, in turn, are suitably anchored as at' to the door lI of the transporting vehicle.

'-From the springs 5, the cables I' extend horizontally a hunted distance and .are passed around 'guides or pulleys 1, also secured as at l in connection with the oor l. The rolls of sheet steel of the type indicated at 2', have placed thereover an After passing varound the frame 9, as disclosed in Fig. 2, the lower end of each cable engages with a guide or pulley I0, suitably carried by the-oor I,

and theend of the cable is secured to and fastened around a vertically disposed Winding drum Il, mounted on the car floor, This drum is provided with ratchet teeth as at`l2 which are adapted for engagement with a pawl I3 in order to retain the drum in a fixed position when the cable or cables 3 is wrapped thereabout in a taut manner. Rotation of the drum may be manually effected through the provision ofthe radially extending handle I4.

In Figs. 1 and 2, the coils of steel p'late have been disclosed in spaced groups, as indicated at a and b. While the invention is applicable to a single group of rolls or cylinders, it may, of course, be applied to two or more groups of such objects as disclosed, in which case the cable or \cables 3 is trained around supplemental guide pulleys Illa and lilb iso that the cables will pass over the.U-shaped securing frames 9 applied to each group of rolls.

In view of the foregoing, it will be seen that when the cables are tightened and passed around the rolls in the mannervindicated, the said vrolls or bodies will be positively confined against undue longitudinal movement on the deck or floor I of the transporting vehicle. The inertia forces present in the upper portions of said rolls or bodies are completely absorbed by the lashing so that the rolls cannot breakloose from their secured positions. Undue stress or strain on lthe lashing cables is minimized by the provision of vthe shock absorbing spring 5 which provides lfor limited yielding for the lashing cables during sudden starts and stops of the transporting -vehicle, but without releasing'the assembled rolls. A modified form of the invention isdisclosed -in Fig. 3 wherein the rolls 2 are placed on bottom roll. As shown in-Flg. 5,A the pulleys or guides of the type indicated at 1 io, ma and lob may be formed with brackets having depending headed studs 20, which are receivable within and removable from T-slots 2l formedin connection with the car floor. Also, the winding drum II may be similarly mounted. By this construction, the apparatus may be readily removed,'when not in use, from thecar floor in orderV to avoid .interference with the shipment of other types of objects. g

In Fig. 6,-the apparatus is shown as applied to ilat sheets 22 of metal, wherein the same results may be accomplished as in the handling of heavy bodies of cylindrical form.-

As shown in the drawing, the taut cables press on the wood blocks or frames as indicated at 9, 1- preventing the taut cables from rubbing or otherwise injuring the objects which theyY are designed to fasten. It will be noted that these blocks or frames have their depending vertical end portions terminated in planes labove the oor and the guides or pulleys, in order that such blocking frames will not interfere with the actlonof the relief springs disclosed at' and I9. Therefore,v

the play or movement made possible by the wood 7| blocks or frames supplemented by the elastic tendepending headed studs I1 positioned in T-slots T-shaped slots I8 and 2| are preferably formed` in manganese or nickel steel iioor plates, which givehigh tensile strength to vavoid accidentalv breakage of such plates under conditions of high vstrain or stress. The ends of the horizontal members of the protecting frames 9 may be grooved in order to act as guides for the passage of cables therethrough. What is claimed is:

1. Apparatus for securing heavy cylindrical rolls of sheet metal or paper to the floor of a transporting vehicle during shipment comprising a iiexible tie member having one end thereof secured to a relatively stationary part-of a ried in connection with a stationary part of said vehicle and to which the other end of said tie member is connected, said winding member serving to place the tiemember under tension and maintain ythe same in taut binding relationship with said rolls when in active operation, resilient means cooperative with said lrolls to permit of limited longitudinal movement thereof relative to the vehicle floor while said tie member is maintained in a taut roll-binding state, and an inverted U-shaped bearingl frame disposed between the intermediate portions of said tie member and the tops and sides of a group of said rolls.

bodies of cargo to the floor of a transporting ve- K hicle during shipment comprising a cable, means for securing one end of said cable to a stationary part of the associated transporting vehicle,'said means including a coil spring, guides for training said cablearound the sides and over the top of a heavy ,body of cargo positioned on the iioor of the vehicle between said guids, an inverted U- shaped bearing frame engaging the' top and sides of said body and over- 'which said ,cable passes, and a winding appliance carried in connection with a stationary part of the vehicle and to which the other end of said cable is connected, said winding appliance serving to draw and maintain said cable in binding engagement with the sides Vand top of said body to preclude uncontrolled movement of the latter longitudinally and vertically'with respect to the floor of the vehicle.

3.- Fastening apparatus for securing heavy v bodiessuch as large rolls of sheet metal or paper to the floor of aw transporting vehicle during shipment, comprisingl a cable, means for securing said cable at onel end to a stationary part of the transporting vehicle, guides for training said cable around the sides and tops ofa plurality of heavy rbodies of cylindrical form resting on the door of the transporting vehicle with their axes in positioned inoperative binding engagement u therewith. 1 l. f

2. Fastening apparatus for securing heavy 4. Fastening apparatus forA securing heavy bodies such as large rolls of sheet metal or paper to the oor of a transporting vehicle during shipment, comprising a cable, means for securing said cable at one end to a stationary part of the transporting vehicle, guides for training said cable around the sides and tops of a plurality of heavy bodies of cylindrical form resting on the oor of the transporting vehicle with their axes in a horizontal plane, means for drawing and maintaining said cable in binding engagement with the grouped cylindrical bodies, resilientA means providing limited longitudinal movement of said bodies in response .to inertia forces when said cable is positioned in operative binding engagement therewith, and a substantially rigid bearing frame interposed between said cable and the tops andv sides of said rolls'.

mediate lportion of said cable is engaged, and

means connected with the other end of said cable for placing and maintaining the same under'tension whereby to cause the intermediate portion of said cable in contact with said frame to exert binding forces on the sides and top of said heavy body 'of freight.

6. Fastening apparatus for Vsecuring heavy.

bodies to the floorof a transporting vehicle during shipment, comprising a cable secured at one end toV a stationary part of the associated transporting vehicle, guides for said cable arranged adjacent to the oor of the vehicle at opposite ends of a heavy body of freight resting on the vvehicle oor,A a bearing frame extending across the top of said body and downwardly along the sides thereof and with which frame the intermediate portion of said cable is engaged, means connected with the other end of said cable for placing and maintaining the same under tension whereby to cause the intermediate portion of saidcable in contact with said frame to exert binding forces on the sides and top oiA said `heavy body of freight, and resilient means providing for limited movement of said body of freight longitudinally of the vehicle floor when said; cable is under tension to absorb primary inertia forces.

7. Fastening apparatus for securing heavy bodies to the oor of a transporting vehicle dur-. ing shipment, comprising a cable secured at one end to a stationary part ofthe associated transporting vehiclaguides for said cable arranged adv jacent to the oor of the vehicle at opposite ends of a heavy body of freight resting onthe vehicle oor, a bearing frame extending across the top of said body and downwardly along the sidesr thereof and with which frame the intermediate portion of said cable is engaged, and means connected with the other end of said'cable for placing and maintaining the same under tension whereby to cause the intermediate portion of said cable in contact'with said frame to exert binding forces on the sides and top 'of said heavy body of freight, said cable guides being adjustably and oor,

8. Fastening apparatus for securing heavy bodies to the floor of a transporting vehicle during shipment, comprising a cable secured at one end to a stationary part of the associated transporting vehicle,'guides for said cable arranged adjacent to the floor `of the vehicle at opposite ends of a heavy body of freight resting on the vehicle floor, a bearing frame extending across the top of said body and downwardly along the sides thereof and-with which frame the intermediate portion of said cable is engaged, means connected with the other end of said cable for placing and' maintaining the same under tension whereby to cause the intermediate portion of Vsaid cable in contact with said frame to exert binding forces on the sides and top of said heavy body of freight, and a pawl and ratchet mechanisml carried in conjunction with said winding appliances.

9. Fastening vapparatus for securing heavy bodies to the floor of a transporting vehicle during shipment, comprising a cable secured at one end to a stationary part of the associated transporting vehicle, guides `for said cable arranged adjacent to the oor of the vehicle at opposite ends of a heavy body oi freight resting' on the vehicle i'loor, a bearing frame extending across the top of said body and downwardly along the sides thereof and with which frame the intermediate portion of said cable is engaged, and means connected with the other end of said cable for placing and maintaining the same under tension whereby to cause the intermediate portion of said cable in contact with said frame to exert binding forces on the sides and top of said heavy body of freight, the lower portionsof said bearing frame terminating in a horizontal plane above that of said guides.

i10. Fastening apparatus for lashing heavy bodies of cargo against movement, during shipment, comprising a cable secured to a stationary .part of the transporting vehicle, guides for said removably carried in connection with the vehicle cable arranged adjacent to the oor of the vehicle I on opposite sides of a heavy body of cargo supported by the vehicle floor, substantially rigid y united bearing members engaging the top and opposite sides of the body of cargo and over which members the cable is trained, and windlass means cooperative with said cable for placing and main- VINCENT J. GrBB'oNs. 

